| ᠬᠤᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ︽ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ 1832 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 13 ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠰᠡᠪᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ | ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 1.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠺᠦᠪ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ | ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠮᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤ᠂ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠡᠾᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠭᠸᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩ᠂ ᠵᠤᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠮᠢᠶᠤᠤᠽᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠮᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 150 -250 ᠺᠦᠪ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠮᠧᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠂ | ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ︽ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ 106 ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠦ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ︽ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠪᠡ︾᠃ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ | 12.7% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ 85% ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠰᠠᠭᠠ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | |