| | | | ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠱᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠱᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ︔ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠾᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠩᠱᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠯᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1729 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠸᠤ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠣᠨ ︵1774 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠸᠤ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ | ᠳᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1778 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠧᠩᠳᠦ᠋ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1908 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠸᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1913 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1940 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠤᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1945 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠿᠧᠾᠧ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ | ᠣᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1983 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ |